 General
information:
Province: Napoli
Perhaps
in Italy and in the world, for different aspects, there is no other
archaeological site that can be compared to Pompeii.
An unique place and without time that transmits some particular
emotions.
Only who has had the fortune to visit it can fully understand the
charm, the magic and the greatness of these places.
From a historical and artistic point of view Pompeii give us the
possibility to be able to admire frescos, sculptures, mosaics,
public and religious buildings.
From the temporal point of view, instead, give us the possibility to
dip at the same time in a virtual reality. To every way Pompeii also
recalls a scenery of extreme pain, it's enough to imagine, also only
for an instant, what happened in that terrible moments of almost
2000 years ago. Nothing allowed to presage what great tragedy would
have gotten depressed the 24 August of the 79 a.C. to the slopes of
the Vesuvius. Up to that moment, the volcano had represented source
of wealth and comfort, the fertility of the whole area gave
abundance of every kind of fruits.
Besides, the city, thanks to its dynamism, was also active above all
from a commercial point of view. Instead in that inauspicious day
earth tore itself and the sky became dark, making to rain an
infinity of incandescent material that buried, over Pompeii, also
Ercolano and Oplontis the actual Torre Annunziata.. From that day,
of Pompeii the traces were lost; up to when in 1600 around, thanks
to of the jobs for the construction of an aqueduct, they restarted
to surface from the ground the first testimonies.
In 1750, under the
kingdom of Charles of Borbone, it was begun a country of excavation,
country that was still better organized beginning from 1800 around,
when that is Giuseppe Fiorelli became manager of the excavations.
Thanks to his genial intuition is owed to pour some liquid chalk
inside the voids left by the charred bodies, of here the human tread
that represent even the last expression of pain had by the victims
during that terrible eruption.
Subsequently, beginning from 1924, the excavations were submitted to
the archaeologist Amedeo Maiuri that dedicated himself with extreme
passion up to its death, happened in 1961.
To today it has been brought to the light around the 70-75% of the
whole area, area circumscribed by 3220 square meters of boundaries.
The parts that stay to dig can still reserve, without doubt,
unexpected surprises, as frescos or sculptures, that can be affirmed
however with certainty it is that the general picture of the life in
Pompeii results delineated with extreme clarity.
Vesuvio
Introduction:
Central
and Southern Italy, between the "Appennini" and the "Tirrenica"
Coast, is rich of volcanoes. While however to the center of the
peninsula they are out from a long time, to South several of them
are still active and considered dangerous.Among
these there are the Vesuvius in Campania, the Etna and the Stromboli
in Sicily. While the last 2 have a regular activity, the Vesuvius
alternates centuries of calm to sudden awakenings and for this
reason to consider it to high risk.So greater risk as taller it's
the housing density, exactly as in the case of the area Vesuviana
where it is calculated that they live around 700/800.000 inhabitants.
Brief history:
The eruption of 24 August of the 79 a.C. without doubt is the more
one note of the Vesuvio/Somma and perhaps the most famous volcanic
eruption that the history remembers. Cities as Pompeii, Ercolano,
Stabia and Oplontis were buried. Unfortunately, to that tragic event,
the volcano practically has as hibernated the places from now on
quoted, allowing to hand down up to our days places and daily life
of around 2000 years ago. Anyway, the event is described with
abundance of details by Plinio the Young in the 2 letters that he
wrote to its friend Tacito, letters that constitute precious
documents from a historical point o f view.
Other violent eruptions succedutes after that date, as for instance
that of the 172 a.C., given by to remember because is from this
eruption that begins to form the volcano cone as we see it today; We
still remember the eruptions happened in the 1631, 1906 and finally
that of 1944. From this last date, on the volcano the characteristic
plume of smoke that has marked for centuries the "Neapolitan view"
has not appeared anymore. To climb to the crater means, however, to
visit one of the most symbolic and characteristic places in Italy.
Actual situation:
From March 1944, the Vesuvius is in state of quiescence to
obstructed duct and its activity is testified above all by the
fumaroles.
As has happened for the past we cannot be foreseen how long this
situation will be, if decades or centuries, of sure we can be
affirmed that other eruptions will happen.
To the purpose to avoid
 losses of human life, the preceded
authorities, have ready a plan of emergency that foresees, in case
of demonstration of "evident precursory phenomenons", the evacuation
of the considered areas more to risk. .
Just for this, the Vesuvian observatory, the most ancient of the
world, risen in the1841, guards 24 hours on 24 the whole area.
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